ReasoningOpen SourceDecember 2025

GLM-4.7: Math Reasoning Breakthrough from Zhipu AI

95.7% on AIME 2025, surpassing GPT-5.1 High and Gemini 3.0 Pro.

Zhipu AI's 358B parameter Mixture-of-Experts model introduces enhanced "Interleaved Thinking" for complex reasoning tasks. With MIT licensing and Claude Code integration at 1/7th the cost of proprietary alternatives, GLM-4.7 represents a significant advancement in accessible mathematical AI.

|7 min read|View Reasoning Leaderboard

Key Finding: Open-Source Math Reasoning Leadership

GLM-4.7 achieves 95.7% on AIME 2025, edging out GPT-5.1 High (94.0%) and matching or exceeding Gemini 3.0 Pro (95.0%) on mathematical reasoning benchmarks. This marks the first time an MIT-licensed model has led competitive math benchmarks.

95.7%
AIME 2025
97.1%
HMMT Feb 2025
358B
Parameters
MIT
License

Technical Specifications

GLM-4.7 employs a depth-over-width architecture strategy, opting for fewer experts with more layers compared to other MoE models. This design choice prioritizes reasoning depth over parallel specialization.

Total Parameters358B
ArchitectureMixture of Experts (MoE)
Input Context200K tokens
Output Context128K tokens
RoutingLoss-free balance routing
DesignDepth-over-width (fewer experts, more layers)
LicenseMIT
Release DateDecember 22, 2025

Context Window Advantage

The 200K input / 128K output context window enables processing of extensive mathematical proofs and multi-step problem chains without truncation. This is particularly valuable for competition mathematics where problems build on previous solutions.

Benchmark Results

GLM-4.7 demonstrates consistent leadership across mathematical reasoning benchmarks, with particularly strong performance on competition-level problems.

BenchmarkGLM-4.7GPT-5.1 HighGemini 3.0 Pro
AIME 202595.7%94.0%95.0%
HMMT Feb 202597.1%--
HLE (with Tools)42.8%42.7%-
LiveCodeBench-v684.9%--

Generation-over-Generation Gains

HLE+12.4%
Terminal Bench 2.0+16.5%

Compared to GLM-4.6, the improvements represent substantial advances in both reasoning quality and tool-augmented problem solving.

How Interleaved Thinking Works

GLM-4.7's core innovation is its "Interleaved Thinking" mechanism, which allows the model to dynamically balance between fast intuitive responses and slower deliberative reasoning during inference.

Turn-Level Thinking Control

Unlike models that commit to either fast or slow thinking for an entire conversation, GLM-4.7 can adjust its reasoning depth at each turn. This enables:

Fast Mode

Quick responses for straightforward queries. Lower latency, suitable for simple arithmetic or factual recall.

Deep Mode

Extended reasoning chains for complex proofs. Higher accuracy on multi-step problems at the cost of increased latency.

Speed/Accuracy Tradeoff Control

Developers can explicitly control the thinking depth through API parameters, allowing optimization for different use cases:

# Example: Adjusting thinking depth via API
response = client.chat.completions.create(
    model="glm-4.7",
    messages=[{"role": "user", "content": problem}],
    extra_body={
        "thinking_depth": "deep",  # or "fast", "balanced"
        "max_thinking_tokens": 8192
    }
)

Note: Actual API parameters may vary. Consult Zhipu AI documentation for current implementation.

Depth-Over-Width Architecture

GLM-4.7 departs from the trend of increasing expert count in MoE models. Instead, it uses fewer experts with more layers, prioritizing sequential reasoning depth:

  • -Loss-free balance routing ensures efficient expert utilization without gradient collapse
  • -Deeper layer stack enables more sophisticated intermediate representations
  • -Reduced expert switching overhead improves inference efficiency for sequential reasoning

Competitive Landscape: GLM-4.7 vs GPT-5 vs Claude

The December 2025 reasoning model landscape has become increasingly competitive, with multiple frontier-class models achieving similar performance on mathematical benchmarks.

vs GPT-5.1 High

GLM-4.7 Advantages

  • - 1.7 percentage points higher on AIME 2025
  • - MIT license vs proprietary
  • - Approximately 1/7th API cost
  • - Self-hostable for sensitive workloads

GPT-5.1 High Advantages

  • - Broader benchmark coverage
  • - Established API stability
  • - Multimodal capabilities
  • - Larger ecosystem of integrations

vs Gemini 3.0 Pro

GLM-4.7 Advantages

  • - 0.7 percentage points higher on AIME 2025
  • - Open weights for research
  • - Turn-level thinking control
  • - No vendor lock-in

Gemini 3.0 Pro Advantages

  • - Native multimodal understanding
  • - Google ecosystem integration
  • - Longer context in some configurations
  • - Stronger on mixed-modality math

vs Claude 4 Opus

GLM-4.7 Advantages

  • - Stronger on pure mathematical reasoning
  • - Open source with MIT license
  • - Competition math specialization
  • - Lower per-token cost

Claude 4 Opus Advantages

  • - Superior on agentic coding tasks
  • - Better instruction following
  • - Stronger on long-form analysis
  • - More consistent output formatting

Recommendations for Math-Heavy Workloads

Based on benchmark performance and architectural characteristics, here are practical guidelines for deploying GLM-4.7 in production math applications.

Recommended Use Cases

Competition Mathematics

AIME, AMC, HMMT, Putnam-style problems. GLM-4.7's 95%+ accuracy on competition benchmarks makes it the current leader for this domain.

Educational Platforms

Step-by-step solution generation for tutoring systems. The interleaved thinking provides detailed reasoning traces.

Research Assistants

Mathematical proof verification and exploration. The 200K context enables processing of lengthy proofs.

Code with Heavy Algorithms

LiveCodeBench-v6 score of 84.9% indicates strong performance on algorithmic coding challenges.

Consider Alternatives For

Multimodal Math

Problems involving diagrams, charts, or images. Consider Gemini 3.0 Pro or GPT-5 Vision for visual mathematical reasoning.

General-Purpose Coding

SWE-bench style tasks. MiniMax-M2.1 or Claude 4 Sonnet demonstrate stronger performance on repository-level code tasks.

Deployment Considerations

  • -Self-hosting requirements: 358B parameters requires significant GPU memory. Expect 8x A100-80GB or equivalent for full precision inference.
  • -API availability: Zhipu AI provides hosted API access with Claude Code integration at approximately 1/7th the cost of GPT-5.
  • -Latency considerations: Deep thinking mode increases response time. Use fast mode for simple queries and reserve deep mode for complex proofs.
  • -Context management: The 128K output limit means very long derivations may require chunking strategies.

Summary

GLM-4.7 represents a significant milestone: the first MIT-licensed model to lead mathematical reasoning benchmarks. Its 95.7% AIME 2025 score, combined with accessible licensing and competitive pricing, makes it a compelling choice for math-intensive applications.

The interleaved thinking architecture offers practical advantages for production systems, allowing developers to optimize the speed/accuracy tradeoff at runtime rather than model selection time.

For teams building educational technology, research tools, or algorithm-heavy applications, GLM-4.7 warrants serious evaluation alongside proprietary alternatives.

Related Resources

Published: December 29, 2025Model Release: December 22, 2025Developer: Zhipu AI